Legend attributes it to the nickname of Englishman Edward William Purvis, one of King Kalākaua's officers, because of his small size, fidgety manner, and playing expertise. In the Hawaiian language the word ukulele roughly translates as "jumping flea", perhaps because of the movement of the player's fingers. A patron of the arts, he incorporated it into performances at royal gatherings. One of the most important factors in establishing the ukulele in Hawaiian music and culture was the ardent support and promotion of the instrument by King Kalākaua. Two weeks after they disembarked from the SS Ravenscrag in late August 1879, the Hawaiian Gazette reported that "Madeira Islanders recently arrived here, have been delighting the people with nightly street concerts." Three immigrants in particular, Madeiran cabinet makers Manuel Nunes, José do Espírito Santo, and Augusto Dias, are generally credited as the first ukulele makers. Ukuleles commonly come in four sizes: soprano, concert, tenor, and baritone.ĭeveloped in the 1880s, the ukulele is based on several small, guitar-like instruments of Portuguese origin, the machete, cavaquinho, timple, and rajão, introduced to the Hawaiian Islands by Portuguese immigrants from Madeira, the Azores and Cape Verde. The tone and volume of the instrument vary with size and construction. The scale remained at Peacetime for all territories for its entire lifespan, barring a short window before official publication of the scale, in which it was at Stage I Readiness for Dayne-Yabloko and Central.The ukulele ( / ˌ juː k ə ˈ l eɪ l i/ YOO-kə- LAY-lee from Hawaiian: ʻukulele, approximately OO-koo- LEH-leh), also called a uke, is a member of the lute family of instruments of Portuguese origin and popularized in Hawaii. Intelligence services extend office hours. Border crossings may be subject to increased scrutiny. Stockpiling of food, medication, and water by government commences.Įlevated risk of conventional attack. Instructional leaflets printed in every major newspaper, and distributed door-to-door. Up to 65 per cent of OBC airtime is reserved for use by the Ministry of Defence and Security. Civilians instructed to build home fallout shelters. Nuclear or conventional attack likely, but not inevitable. Government given right to requisition up to 45 per cent of stocks in supermarkets. Nuclear or conventional attack likely within 24 hours. Control of the OBC is assumed by the Minister of Defence and Security. Civilians instructed to enter fallout shelters. Nuclear attack expected within thirty minutes. Essential service workers enter workplace fallout shelters. ![]() Nuclear attack expected within five minutes. Dayne-Yabloko: Dayneville also intended to apply to Cooriengah (then Iego) and Yablokoĭefence Alertness Scale Attack Signal: RED.Central: Optiman territories near South Australia.The scale was intended for simultaneous civil and military use, and applied separately to three different civil defence regions. It was inspired by the UK's 80s-era civil defence plans and the US DEFCON scale. It fell out of use after Michael Sander's departure from Optima and was officially discontinued along with the Optiman Defence Force when Optima was annexed by Dranoria. It was updated by the intelligence services and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and used by the ODF, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and Office of Civil Defence to determine the appropriate level of alertness and preparation for the current security situation. The Defence Alertness Scale ( DAS) was the predecessor to the DRAB, used in Optima. The Dranorian Readiness and Alertness Barometer ( DRAB) is a scale used to measure the attack risk on Dranoria and instruct appropriate military preparations.
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